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New advances in lunar soil research offer scientific evidence to unravel mystery of moon’s 'two faces'_我的网站
A | MEXICO CITY -- Venezuela’s government and opposition will resume their dialogue, mediated by Norway, with talks scheduled for Tuesday in Barbados, Norway’s embassy in Mexico said Monday in a brief statement posted to the platform X.Mexico hosted multiple rounds of talks in 2021 and 2022. When they last met, in November 2022, the sides agreed to create a U.N.-managed fund to finance health, food and education programs for the poor while the U.S. government agreed to allow oil giant Chevron to pump Venezuelan oil.Colombia and other countries have tried in recent months to restart negotiations between the sides, but the government of President Nicolás Maduro has demanded that the U.S. drop economic sanctions and unfreeze Venezuelan funds held overseas as a condition of resuming talks.Norway’s statement Monday said that the two sides had decided to resume the dialogue “with the objective of reaching a political agreement.” Venezuela's government did not immediately comment.A U.S. official who requested anonymity to discuss the sensitive negotiations said there was no “deal” between the U.S. government and Venezuela.The official said the Biden administration supports Venezuelan-led negotiations and is prepared to provide relief from sanctions in response to concrete actions toward holding competitive elections.The dialogue formally began in September 2021, but President Maduro’s delegates walked away from negotiations in October 2021 after Colombia-born businessman Alex Saab was extradited on money laundering charges from Cape Verde to the U.S. Maduro conditioned a resumption on the release of Saab.The political, social and economic crisis that has come to define Venezuela has evolved since it began a decade ago as a result of a global drop in the price of oil, Venezuela’s most valuable resource, mismanagement by the self-proclaimed socialist administration and government repression of its opponents.A brief period of relative economic stability has again been shaken by jumping food prices, business closures and another wave of emigration.Some members of the Venezuelan opposition celebrated Norway’s announcement.Luis Florido, a former exiled opposition lawmaker, said on X that only through negotiations would Venezuelans be able to restore democracy through the ballot box.“You won’t get everything you want, but you will make progress,” he said of the negotiations.The talks were scheduled to take place in Bridgetown, Barbados.__Hussein reported from Washington. AP writers Josh Boak in Washington and Joshua Goodman in Miami contributed to this report.。
Chinese scientists have made new progress in the study of lunar soil samples returned by the Chang'e-6 mission, providing fresh evidence to the striking differences between the moon's near and far sides, which have long puzzled scientists.
Because the moon is tidally locked to Earth, its rotation period matches its orbital period, meaning the same side always faces Earth. The moon's near side features vast dark basaltic plains known as lunar maria, while its far side is dominated by bright highlands with far fewer maria, creating a striking contrast between the two sides. Why does the moon have such "two faces"?
Scientists studying the moon's early formation and evolution have long used the lunar magma ocean model as a basic framework. Under the model, the chemical and isotopic characteristics of different types of lunar magma can be explained by the mixing of different components in varying proportions after the magma ocean cooled, Guangming Daily reported on Saturday.
However, previous lunar samples were collected only from the moon's near side, while significant differences exist between the near and far sides in their topography, composition and internal structure.
Against this backdrop, the research team from Institute of Geology from Chinese Academy of Geologist Sciences studied feldspathic impact-melt rocks in lunar soil samples returned by the Chang'e-6 mission. Using China's first independently developed ion probe system, researchers conducted a comprehensive analysis to test the lunar magma ocean model and examine how large impacts reshaped reservoirs in the lunar crust and mantle.
Through high-precision analyses, the team identified key clues to the moon's evolutionary history, suggesting that the stark differences between its near and far sides may be linked to the ancient giant impact that formed the South Pole-Aitken Basin.
The study found that the massive impact continued to profoundly reshape the lunar crust and upper mantle after the lunar magma ocean had solidified, fundamentally altering the material composition of parts of the moon's far side.
The findings add to the traditional lunar magma ocean model, suggesting that the formation and preservation of the moon's crustal and mantle reservoirs may have varied significantly from region to region and cannot be fully explained by a single, uniform model of primordial magma-ocean differentiation.
The research provides new scientific evidence for understanding the differences between the moon's near and far sides, while offering fresh insights into the moon's complex evolutionary history, according to Guangming Daily.
Global Times
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